/bribe-meaning-etymology

/bribe-meaning-etymology

-) Noun.

-) Plural: bribes.

-) Pronunciation: braɪb.

-) Etymology: from Old French bribe “piece of bread, esp. piece of bread given to a beggar, scrap”. In modern French bribe is for “little quantity of anything”. There are some hypotheses about the cognateness of this bribe with the Spanish briba, bribón and the Italian birba, birbone, birbante, but the question is undecided.

-) It is dated from the end of 1300.

-) 1. Obsolete meaning: a thing stolen or robbed; theft, robbery; plunder. 

-) 2. A gift offered or promised unduly or subreptitiously to induce a person to act in the interest of the briber, as to neglect to do what the bribee is supposed to do in his office, duty or employment; what is given or promised in the attempt to bribe. Hence, anything given or promised to induce a person to act against his will, his mood, his custom.

-) Translation: in Italian: sbruffo; Spanish: soborno; French: subornation.

-) Synonyms for “bribe”: tip; bung (slang); gratuity; grease (slang); payola (jocular); poultice (Australian slang); sling (Australian); back-hander (slang).

Beside resentment, I had another motive of my backwardness to agree to such a meeting; and this was --fear. I apprehended, and surely not without reason, that the annuity was rather meant as a bribe than a recompence.

Fielding… Amelia… 1751

The strictness of Peter's fidelity yielded to the persuasions of Ferdinand, though no bribe could tempt him to incur the resentment of the marquis, by permitting an escape.

Radcliffe... A Sicilian Romance... 1790

'Which of them can say for his honesty, what I can say for mine; which of them has refused a minister's bribe of one thousand pounds a year, to resign his seat in favour of another? Not one.'

Dickens… Barnaby Rudge… 1841

[He] by arts and bribes, prevailed on Sir Robert Clifford to betray his employers.

Dickens… A Child’s History… 1853

-) Words derivated from BRIBE: bribe (verb), bribable, bribeable, bribability, bribeability, briberess, bribed, bribee, briber, bribing, unbribable, unbribed, rebribe, bribery, bribe-taker, bribe-taking; bribe-free.

 

 

/bound-meaning

/bound-meaning-etymology-synonyms

-) Noun.

-) Plural: bounds.

-) Pronunciation: baʊnd.

-) Etymology: from verb BOUND “to leap”, from French bondir “resound; to leap, rebound”.

-) It is dated from the end of 1500.

-) Meaning: -) a. Act of bounding; a propelling oneself upward with one or both legs, either to change position or to locomote..-) b. Act of bounding; an elastic spring of something after being forced against a surface; an elastic movement upward or onward.

-) Synonyms for “bound”: to jump, spring, leap.

-) Translation: salto, in Spanish; salto, in Italian; saut, in French.

They all seize it [the prey] with a bound, at the same time expressing their fierce pleasure with a roar.

O. Goldsmith… A History of the Earth… 1774

Scarce any of the animals with short legs and long bodies, pursue their prey; but, knowing their own incapacity to overtake it by swiftness, either creep upon it in its retreats, or wait in ambush and seize it with a bound.

O. Goldsmith… A History of the Earth… 1774

The cat can leap several feet at a bound; and the tiger, who is ten times as long, can no doubt spring proportionably.

O. Goldsmith… A History of the Earth… 1774

From the peculiar structure of the kanguroo, there can be little doubt that its principal progressive motion is performed by leaps. It has, in fact, been seen to spring over twenty feet at a bound.

D. Brewster… The Edinburgh encyclopaedia… 1808

-) Words derived from “bound”: bound (verb), rebound, bounder, bounding.

 

 | 

 

/bed-en-español

/bed-en-español-meaning-etymology

-) Noun. 

-) Pronunciation: bɛd. 

-) Etymology: from Old English bedd, bed.

-) It is dated from the end of 900.

-) 1. An article of furniture to sleep, rest, play or to work upon it, as porno actors and prostitutes do. It consists for the most part of a sack or mattress, stuffed with something soft or springy, raised generally upon a ‘bed-stead’ or support, and covered with sheets, blankets, etc.

-) Synonym: couch. 

-) Translation: French lit; Spanish cama; Italian letto.

He was propped up in the bed by pillows. 

E. Poe… The facts… 1845

Again she was fucked on the bed.

Walter… My Secret Life… 1888

-) It occurs often in elliptical constructions in which “bed” is to be understood for “the situation or position of being in bed, sleeping in bed, etc.”

-) To go to bed: (a) to go to use the bed, specially to sleep. (b) Euphemism: to fuck (with someone).

I took pity on your tired servant and told him to go to bed, as he let me out. 

Wilde… Dorian Gray… 1890

-) To make a bed: to order a bed after it has been used. (Spanish: hacer la cama; Italian: fare il letto and French: faire le lit).

Your master's bed is made […] lock the chamber door. 

J. Swift… The works… 1731

After breakfast, my mother, who usually helped to make my bed and her own as well, called out to me.

Walter… My Secret Life… 1888

-) To make up a bed: to prepare sleeping accommodation not previously available.

[He] made him up a bed of straw in the waggon, under the waggon-house.  

The Annual Register… 1758

-) Prepositional phrases with “bed”: in, to, into, out of bed.

… he had not retired to bed during the whole of the preceding night. 

E. Poe… The Assignation… 1834

It was, especially, upon retiring to bed late in the night of the seventh or eighth day after the placing of the lady Madeline within the donjon, that I experienced the full power of such feelings. 

E. Poe… The Fall… 1839

I knew my victim's habit of reading in bed. 

E. Poe… The Imp… 1845

I got out of bed and stood looking at her thighs and cunt.

Walter… My Secret Life… 1888

I'm going to get into bed.

Walter… My Secret Life… 1888

-) 2. Metaphor: the surface or something considered as a base on which anything is. In particular: -) a. A level or smooth piece of ground in a garden, usually somewhat raised, for the better cultivation of the plants. -) b. The bottom of a lake or sea, or of the channel of a river or stream. -) c. The surface of a stone or brick which is embedded in the mortar; the under side of a slate. -) d. A layer or bed-like mass; a stratum; a horizontal course.

We are below the river's bed. 

E. Poe… The cask… 1846

The margin of the river, and of the many dazzling rivulets that glided through devious ways into its channel, as well as the spaces that extended from the margins away down into the depths of the streams until they reached the bed of pebbles at the bottom. 

E. Poe… Eleonora… 1842

-) Words derived from “bed”: embed; bed (verb); bedding; beddable; bedder; bedful; bedgown; bed-post; bedside; bed-sitting-room; bedspread; bedridden, bedridden; bedstead; bedchamber, bed-clothes, bedfellow, bed-fellowship; bedroom, bedtime; abed.

 

 

/appliance-meaning

/appliance-meaning-etymology

-) Noun.

-) Pronunciation and accent: əplaɪəns.

-) Plural: appliances.

-) Etymology: from the verb “apply” + -ANCE. The Latin plicare is the ulterior etymology of the verb “apply”.

-) It is dated from the end of 1500.

-) 1. Action of applying; the action of placing in contact or proximity; application.

-) Translation: aplicación, in Spanish; application, in French; applicazione, in Italian.

 [I] demonstrated to my own satisfaction, what has since been frequently observed and publicly asserted, that the vapour of chloroform mixed with atmospheric air is a supporter of respiration. The end is attained by the appliance of the sponge a little distance from the nostrils.

The Veterinarian

… to spur on a horse by the heels, to excite his action by the appliance of the heels, spurs.

J. Ker… Our popular phrases… 1840

It would seem as if he had consoled himself by frequent appliances to the bottle.

R. Stevenson and L. Osbourne… The Wrong Box… 1889

-) 2. Metaphor: action of using something incorporeal, as if by getting a contact or approximation between it and an end (purpose, appropriation, etc.)

Before proceeding further I shall describe the apparatus, its appliance, and the advantages to be derived from its use.

London medical gazette, volume 22… 1838

Few subjects are more interesting than the discovery in the materials which surround us of a force, hitherto unknown, its transfer from natural sources, and its appliance to machinery, its introduction as a new and precious tool into the great workshop of the world.

S. Hole… A little tour in America… 1895

-) 3. A thing, corporeal or incorporeal, used as a means for someone to do something.

-) Synonyms: apparatus, device, adminicle.

-) Translation: adminículo, aparato, in Spanish; adminicule, in French; apparecchio, in Italian.

The prince had provided all the appliances of pleasure. There were buffoons, there were improvisatori, there were ballet-dancers, there were musicians, […] there was wine.

Poe… The Masque… 1842

Within the tower there are beautifully finished rooms-two tiny tea-rooms and a dressing-room, and also a real effective kitchen, with all necessary appliances for a repast or a pic-nic.

B. Silliman… A Visit to Europe… 1853

In the great towns in our country immense stores of books are provided for us, with librarians to class them, kind attendants to wait upon us, and comfortable appliances for study.

W. Thackeray… The Newcomes… 1854

Omnibuses convey you, if you please, from a convenient part of the town to the beach and back again; you have a clean and comfortable bathing-machine, dress, linen, and all appliances…

Dickens… Reprinted Pieces… 1867

… another and more advanced stage in my course of instruction; in which the main object was no longer the aids and appliances of thought, but the thoughts themselves.

J. Mill… Autobiography… 1873

We have no appliances here for the education of an actress.

W. Black… Macleod of Dare… 1883

… he spends his whole small income upon chemical and electrical appliances.

A. Doyle… The Doings… 1891

Bill has now brought me some new appliances, as I've also learned to masturbate satisfactorily. He brought me, for instance, a very sophisticated dildo with a rubber bulb, which one fills with warm soapy liquid. 

N. Friday… Forbidden Flowers… 1975

… a variety of toilet appliances.

W. Howells… Their Silver Wedding… 1899

-) Words derived from Latin plicare: ply (noun, verb), plying, accomplice, accompliceship, complice, complicitous, complicity, complexion (noun, verb), complexioning, complex (noun, verb, adj.), complexing, complexify, complexification, complexifying, complexified, complexional, complexionally, complexioned, complexionless, complexity, complexly, complexness, uncomplex, uncomplicated, complicate, complicated, complicatedly, complicatedness, complication, complicity, complicacy, deploy (noun, verb), deployed, deploying, deployment, display (noun, verb), displayable, displayed, displayer, displaying, displayment, undisplayed, employ (noun, verb), employability, employable, employed, employee, employer, employing, employment, unemployed, unemployment, unemployable, unemployability, unemploy, disemploy, disemployed, disemployment, re-employ, re-employment, explicate, explicated, explicating, explication, explicative, explicatively, explicatory, unexplicated, inexplicable, inexplicableness, inexplicability, inexplicably, explicit, unexplicit, unexplicitly, inexplicit, inexplicitly, inexplicitness, exploit (noun, verb), exploited, exploiting, exploitability, exploitable, exploitage, exploitation, exploitative, exploitee, exploiter (noun, verb), exploiterer, exploiting, exploitive, exploiture, unexploited, implicate (adj. verb), implication, implicational, implicationally, implicative, implicatively, implicativeness, implicit, implicitly, implicitness, implied, impliedly, unimplicated, imply, implyment, perplex, perplexing, perplexable, perplexed, perplexedly, perplexedness, perplexer, perplexing, perplexingly, perplexity, perplexment, unperplex (verb), unperplexed, plait (noun, verb), plaited, plaiter, plaiting, plaitless, plash (verb), plasher, plashing, plashment, pleach (noun, verb), pleaching, pleached, pleacher, pliant, pliantly, pliantness, ply (noun, verb), plying, plight, reply (noun, verb), replying, replyingly, replyist, unreplied, unreplying, splay (verb, noun), splayed, splaying, supple (adj., verb), suppled, supplely, unsupple, unsuppled, unsupplicated, suppliant, suppliantness, suppliantly, supplicant, supplicantly, supplicate, supplicated, supplicating, supplicatingly, supplication (noun, verb), supplicationer, supplicator, supplicatorily, simple, simple-minded, simple-mindedness, simple-mindedly, simpleness, simpleton, simplex, simplicial, simplicist, simplicistic, simplicity, simplicize, simplification, simplificator, simplificatory, simplified, simplifiedly, simplifier, simplify, simplifying, simplism, simplist, simplistic, simplistically, simply, double (noun, verb), doubleness, doubler, doublet, doubleted, doubling, doubly, duplicate (noun, verb), duplicating, duplicable, duplicability, duplicated, duplicatedly, duplicating, duplication, duplicative, duplicature, duplicity, duplicitous, treble (noun, verb, adj.), trebled, trebleness, trebling, trebly, triple (noun, verb, adj.), tripled, tripleness, triplet, triplex (noun, verb), triplexity, triplicity, triplexed, triplicate (verb, adj.), triplicating, triplicated, triplication, triplicative, triplicature, triply, quadruple (noun, verb, adj.), quadrupled, quadrupler, quadruplet, quadruplex (noun, verb), quadruplicate (verb, noun, adj.), quadruplicating, quadruplication, quadruplicature, quadruplicity, quadrupling, quadruply, multiple (noun, verb, adj.), multiplet, multiplex (verb, noun, adj.), multiplexed, multiplexing, multiplexer, multiplexity, multipliable, multipliableness, multiplicability, multiplicable, multiplicand, multiplicate, multiplication, multiplicational, multiplicative, multiplicatively, multiplicator, multiplicity, multiplied, multiplier, multiply (adv., verb), multiplying, application, applicative, applicatively, applicator, applicatory, applied, applier, applicate (adj., noun), applicant, applicancy, applicably, applicableness, applicable, applicability, appliance.

 

 

/anorgasmia-meaning

/anorgasmia-meaning-etymology

-) Noun.

-) Pronunciation and accent: ænɔːgæzmɪə.

-) Plural: anorgasmias.

-) Etymology: it is analysed in an- (privative prefix), + orgasm + -ia (suffix). It is identical with Spanish anorgasmia, Italian anorgasmia, and French anorgasmie.

-) It is dated from 1900.

-) Meaning: state of a person who does not orgasm for any cause (for sickness, dysfunction, inability, inhibition, bigotry, etc.)

 [Anorgasmia] occurs in both men and women.

Komisaruk – Nasserzadeh… Orgasm… 2009

“Situational anorgasmia” relates to the [… state] under which a woman may or may not experience orgasm –such as being able to experience orgasm by masturbation, but not with a partner.

Komisaruk – Nasserzadeh… Orgasm… 2009

-) English words derived from the word “orgasm”: orgasmic, orgastic, anorgasmic, orgasm (verb), orgasmically.

 

 

/affair-meaning

/affair-meaning-etymology

-) Noun.

-) Plural: affairs. 

-) Pronunciation and accent: əfɛə(r).

-) Etymology: from Old French afaire, originally infinitive phrase à faire “to do”, from Latin ad + facere “to do”, like ado in English for at do. It is identical with the Italian affare and French affaire.

-) Documented since 1300.

-) 1. -) a. What one has to do; what one has ado; what has to be done.

-) Synonyms for “affair”: ados; business.

The affair of the establishment of a government is a very difficult undertaking.

E. Burke… Policy… 1793

Mary actually knew everything about my domestic affairs almost as well as if she had lived opposite to me herself, for my neighbours knew a good deal about me. 

Walter… My Secret Life… 1888

Her domestic affairs. 

Thomas Hardy… A Changed Man… 1913

Now this affair of putting up walls and connecting them strongly with a roof has been the chief concern of architects.

A. Butler… Architecture‎… 1927

-) 2. Abusive meaning: a thing that concerns any one or anything; a concern, a matter.

It's an affair of money. 

G. Meredith… The Egoist… 1879

According to the psychiatrists, mental disturbance is primarily an affair of emotion and desire rather than of intellect.

R. S. Woodworth… Psychology… 1921

-) 3. In plural: deeds; doings; occupations.

-) Synonyms: businesses; pursuits, transactions.

-) Antonyms: events, accidents.

I did not pretend to disguise from my perception the identity of the singular individual who thus perseveringly interfered with my affairs, and harassed me with his insinuated counsel. 

Poe… William… 1839

-) Particularly: -) a. Commercial or professional businesses. -) b. Public businesses; governmental transactions; functional deeds concerning either a nation or nations collectively. 

This interpreter was a person employed to transact affairs with the Hollanders. 

J. Swift… Gulliver’s Travels… 1726

Men of affairs, trained to business.  

S. Smiles… Character… 1871

Our foreign affairs.

E. Burke… Works… 1887

-) 4. In singular: in this acceptation, the word “affair” synonymizes vaguely with “case”, “factual thing”, “happening”, etc.)

I will tell you all I know about this affair; - but I do not expect you to believe one half I say - I would be a fool indeed if I did. 

Poe… The Murders… 1841

I betook myself to a more methodical investigation of the affair. 

Poe… The Gold-Bug… 1843

Since the affair of the letter, I had been in the habit of watching her house, and thus discovered that, about twilight, it was her custom to promenade, attended only by a negro in livery, in a public square overlooked by her windows. 

Poe… The Spectacles… 1844

The affair had occurred years and years ago; but what I had said had made him think and dream about it as if it were but yesterday. 

Hardy… Desperate Remedies… 1871

One evening, about a week after the affair of the picture, as he was sitting talking to Mrs. Bedwin, there came a message down from Mr. Brownlow, that if Oliver Twist felt pretty well, he should like to see him in his study, and talk to him a little while. 

Dickens… Oliver… 1838

-) 5. This meaning is familiar: thing; a material object. 

 

 | 

 

/droop-meaning

/droop-meaning-etymology

-) Verb.

-) Pronunciation: druːp.

-) Etymology: from Middle English drupen.

-) Preterite tense: drooped (druːpt). Preterite participle: drooped.

-) Present participle: drooping.

-) Documented since 1300.

-) Intransitively: -) 1. (Of a plant, animal, etc.) to have or undergo a bent posture, or inclination or fall, from physical inability or fatigue, want of nourishment, or the like.

-) Synonym for “droop”: (of a plant) to flag.

-) Translation: tomber, in French; caer, in Spanish; cadere, in Italian.

Like a delicate flower, that has drooped on, being deprived of air and light and which suddenly revives when revisited by the zephyr and the sunbeam, she appeared to have recovered in that morning walk some portion of her former animation.

Bentley's Miscellany… 1842

He dropped the cup and spurred his horse away; but, soon fainting with loss of blood, drooped from the saddle.

Dickens… A Child's History… 1851

-) 2. -) a. (Of a part of a body) to become suspended from another while being attracted downward by gravity; to be or become inclined from its vertical position, without disunion. -) b. Particularly: (of eyes) to be inclined downward, with the eyelids lowered; (of head, gaze, etc.) to be or become inclined from its vertical position.

-) Synonyms for “droop”: hang, dangle.

She suffered her head to droop back again upon the grass.

G. Rainsford… The False Heir… 1843

Miss Walker's head suddenly drooped on Mr. Collins's shoulder.

The Irish Metropolitan Magazine, vol. III… 1858

Then she looked, for the first time that night, so hardly into his stern and sallow countenance, as to make his gaze droop before her own.

E. Meteyard… Mainstone’s Housekeeper, vol. II… 1860

Heavy eyelids drooped over his eyes.

Oscar Wilde… The Fisherman… 1891

By that time the tree is a month old, you may perceive a small body almost as big as one's arm, and then there are eight or ten leaves, some of them four or five foot high […]. As the young leaves spring up in the inside, so the old leaves spread off, and their tops droop downward, being of a greater length and breadth by how much they are nearer the root, and at last decay and rot off…

W. Dampier… Voyage Round the World… 1937

-) With the preposition “from” + noun:

The leaves drooped from the stem without losing colour.

J. Lindley… An Introduction to Botany… 1835

… the profusion of fair tresses that drooped from the head of Miss Dorcas, mingled in charming contrast with Ada's luxuriant, dark hair.

J. Maitland… The watchman… 1855

-) 3. (Now only of the sun, day, etc.) to descend into a space; to decline, go down

 Already the sun was drooping far down the west, and sending its golden glow sideways through the trees.

Star Papers… 1855

-) 4. To become gradually less in vital strength and energy; to languish.

But nothing can reconcile the children of the Indians, to the customs, manners, and methods of living among the Europeans: However caressed and indulge ed, they droop and languish, until they return to the freedom and wildness of the forest.

S. Williams… History of Vermont… 1809

The horse drooped from fatigue.

Blackwood's Edinburgh Magazine… 1847

-) 5. To become gradually less in courage; to become despondent.

-) Synonym: to quail.

The shout, so suddenly and generally raised, was heard beyond the ring of sentinels who guarded the pavilion of Council, and spread among the soldiers of the host, who, inactive and dispirited by disease and climate, had begun, like their leaders, to droop in resolution.

W. Scott… The Talisman… 1825

-) Transitively: to let (face, the eyes, etc.) droop; to cause to decline or hang; to bend; turn towards the ground.

…. I drooped my head on the shoulder of my dear aunt.

G. Mason… The widow's choice… 1823

Aza paused, and sighed as she drooped her head upon her bosom; yet the pause was but that of a minute.

A. Bray… The Talba… 1830

The secretary drooped his head with an expression of perfect acquiescence in anything that had been said or might be.

Dickens… Barnaby… 1841

"Stand here and look me in the face: if you lie, I can tell it—you can't and shan't deceive me." He lifted her, by a sweep of his strong arm, on to the top of the newly-sodded grave. Thus, standing somewhat on a level, he was face to face with her; and that she might not droop hers, he grasped the shawl beneath her chin.

E. Meteyard… Mainstone’s Housekeeper… 1869

Fleur drooped her eyelids; turned a little pale, and bit her lips.

Galsworthy… The Forsyte Saga… 1922

-) English words derived from “droop”: drooper, drooping, droopingly, droopingness.

 

Converted to HTML with WordToHTML.net

 

/dupe-meaning

/dupe-meaning-etymology

-) Noun.

-) Pronunciation: djuːp.

-) Etymology: from French dupe “deluded person”.

-) Documented since 1600.

-) Meaning: a person who has easily been deceived or is easily deceived.

-) Translation: dupe, in French; incauto, in Spanish; babbeo, in Italian.

-) Synonyms: gull, simpleton, fool.

Sometimes the dupes would come back the following day, and demand the return of their money, as they had ascertained that the goods for which they had parted with it were worthless,

G. Reynolds… The mysteries of London… 1844 

What a dupe he had been! what a shallow, miserable fool! for he had believed as firmly in Margaret Wilmot's truth, as he had believed in the blue sky above his head.

Braddon… Henry Dunbar… 1864

-) With the preposition “of” + noun of the deceiver:

My charming friend, understand your own interests, and do not be the dupe of those fine phrases that we are obliged to employ to deceive others.

Edgeworth… Leonora… 1806

I am not so vain as to be the dupe of such a trick.

The Repository of arts… 1809

Perhaps you think that I am fool enough to be the dupe of your miserable and flimsy artifice,  Cecilia?

G. Reynolds… The mysteries of London… 1844 

The more I think of this, the stronger becomes my conviction that I have not been the dupe of a heartless or mercenary woman.

Braddon… Henry Dunbar… 1864

-) With the preposition “to” + noun of what is employed to deceive:

… from a milkiness of disposition, without the direction of prudence, […] he suffered himself to become a dupe to the artifices of some designing men.

Mackenzie… Julia… 1777

I became a dupe to his deceit.

Smollett… The Adventures… 1829

At least, all we know of his character inclines us rather to believe that Napier was a dupe to his own imagination, than that he desired to impose upon the opposite party…

Scott… Essay on Border Antiquities… 1834

-) Words derived from “dupe”: dupedom, dupism, duper, dupery, dupable, dupability, dupe (v).

 

Converted to HTML with WordToHTML.net | Email Signature Generator